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Title : How A Tiny Enclave Of Mount Jews Inwards Azerbaijan Produced Approximately Of The Onetime Soviet World’S Richest Men
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How A Tiny Enclave Of Mount Jews Inwards Azerbaijan Produced Approximately Of The Onetime Soviet World’S Richest Men

Baku, Azerbaijan 

From a long read past times Joshua Cohen:

What unites all these lands, also their tramontane routes, are their Jews, whose ancestors had known all these lands nether before names together with nether no names, together with had traded amongst all of their peoples inward their ain languages. It was this might to sideslip betwixt states, endonyms, exonyms, together with tongues that enabled the Mountain Jews’ survival—their continuity similar rock—and earned them the contempt of countless dynasties that withered. It was also what caused the Nazis to recognize them every bit Jews, together with to process them accordingly—indeed, they were the most Eastern Jews the Nazis ever encountered and, later studying their customs, non excluding polygamy, it was decided that their Judaism was to a greater extent than “religious” than “racial,” though that didn’t prohibit the occasional massacre. The Soviets, however, inward compiling their statistics on national minorities, formally indexed them non every bit Jews but every bit Iranians. With the Soviet collapse, Sunni extremists started kidnapping Mountain Jews for ransom inward Dagestan together with Chechnya (Mountain Jewish communities ever pay ransom), then that today, Republic of Azerbaijan seems to live their safest haven inward the Caucasus—the exclusively province to receive got realized the benefits of touting its Mountain Jews every bit mascots of ethnic comity, spell shrewdly using them every bit regional dragomans together with merchandise intercessors amongst Russia.

Because if Republic of Azerbaijan has function the Mountain Jews’ sanctuary, Russian Federation is at nowadays their bazaar—its appetites receive got made their fortune. Mountain Jews of my ain generation, who came of historic menses nether Yeltsin’s 2 damage of larceny together with greed, moved into Moscow, St. Petersburg, together with the vast cities of Siberia that receive got less cite recognition, but to a greater extent than manufacturing infrastructure together with coal mines. There they went well-nigh privatizing. Here’s what privatizing means: When a province that owns everything disintegrates, all of a abrupt everything’s upwardly for grabs; if you lot desire a shop, or a factory, or an entire industry, say, you lot exactly exhibit upwardly together with claim it every bit yours; the cops can’t boot you lot out, because at that topographic point aren’t whatever cops—the cops don’t rest cops when they’re non getting paid—and then you lot dig in, and, should other parties brand it to stake their claims, you lot exactly receive got to promise that you lot receive got to a greater extent than together with bigger men, together with to a greater extent than together with bigger guns, than they do. To laissez passer on 2 examples—not to bill them of having done anything similar this, but but to admire them if they had—God Nisanov (b. 1972), together with Zarah Iliev (b. 1966). Both moved to Moscow inward the early on ’90s together with at nowadays went underground, taking over kiosks throughout the drafty cavernous Metro, whose stations had been designed to serve every bit bomb-shelters, but at nowadays were also becoming groceries together with malls. Nisanov together with Iliev began transportation gain to the capital, setting upwardly construction firms, together with investing inward existent estate. Today, they’re the largest commercial real-estate developers inward Moscow, amongst properties including the Evropeyskiy Shopping Center, the Radisson Royal Hotel, the Radisson Slavyanskaya Hotel, myriad purpose parks, together with wholesale together with retail commodity markets (food, appliances, electronics, etc.). As of 2015 Forbes estimated the internet worth of each at $4.9 billion, which tied them for the championship of twenty-fourth richest somebody inward Russia. In 2014, Nisanov was awarded the Order of Friendship past times Putin together with was elected to the executive commission of the World Jewish Congress.

Both Nisanov together with Iliev were born inward the most venerable of the Mountain Jewish auls, Quba. Pronounced Guba. Actually, they’re from a Jewish enclave located exactly exterior Quba, which inward Azeri is called Qırmızı Qəsəbə, together with inward Russian is called Yevreiskaya Sloboda (Jewish Town), though nether the Soviet menses its cite was changed to Krasnaya Sloboda (Red Town). Now, it shouldn’t look peculiarly foreign that a hamlet of fewer than 3,800 people produced 2 childhood friends who grew upwardly to function billionaires together. But it should look peculiarly foreign that this hamlet currently boasts iv billionaires, together with at to the lowest degree twelve (by 1 count) together with 18 (by another) worth inward the hundreds of millions. They include, every bit already noted, major belongings developers together with commodity importers, but also machine importers, wearable importers, together with the managers of the Azerbaijani Cluster government’s fossil oil together with gas portfolios.

***

I’d been introduced to the existence of the Mountain Jews, together with of Quba, past times a homo a friend of mine met at the banya—a Russian bathhouse, inward Brooklyn. This homo happened to know, or inward the course of written report of sweating conversation claimed to know, my friend’s relative, a Brooklyn (non-Mountain) Jew who does something I’d prefer non to sympathise amongst slot machines, together with has spent fourth dimension every bit a ward of the state. I was told that this homo from Quba, whose telephone pose out my friend obtained for me, imported apples to New York—to the Big Apple, which, lastly fourth dimension I checked, grows enough of its ain …

In whatever event, I called the man’s number, introduced myself, inward English, every bit a novelist—not every bit a journalist. I figured, because my friend had told him to await the call, that he already had my name, together with I was searchable online; I also figured the homo lived inward America, he knew what a novelist was—he knew that it meant “vicarious thrillseeker,” or “coward.” He at nowadays tried frustrating my interest, but I continued to pester, together with finally got him to laid a meeting. Which he canceled. I got him to laid or then other meeting, together with he canceled again, but at to the lowest degree had pretensions to courtesy, together with txted me a local, Baku, number. I searched the pose out online, together with it was the same 1 listed on the site for the Mountain Jewish community office, whose address was the same every bit that of Mountain Jewish fundamental synagogue. But past times the fourth dimension I realized all that, I’d already signed a contract, together with a banking concern check for expenses had cleared my account. Not exclusively that: I’d already flown halfway across the the world together with was sitting on the bed of my hotel, the Intourist, laptop on my lap, telephone suctioned to my cheek, beingness reminded—as the pose out I kept dialing kept ringing—why I’d given upwardly writing nonfiction, for fiction …

***

None of this crying poverty was making whatever sense. Because, every bit I couldn’t aid but notice—as Yury Naftalovich couldn’t aid but ignore—cropping upwardly amidst the onetime Jewish sites he’d been bringing me together with U to, overshadowing all of their carved woods together with stained drinking glass together with fifty-fifty the half dozen cupolas amongst their six-pointed stars, was or then of the most lavish, most ugly-lavish, novel existent estate I’d ever been around. I’ll clarify: On the Quba side of the Qudiyalçay were chickens, cows, tractors, together with hovels—grimness. But on this side, hither inward Krasnaya Sloboda, were Lamborghinis, Ferraris, together with villas that intermarried craven faux-Euro fin-de-frippery amongst the crassest of Stateside suburban McMansionism. If every Baroque has its Rococo, every Vegas has its Dubai, but this architecture was then outlandish, it verged on the extraterrestrial—there was nowhere to function beyond it. Some of the villas had v floors, or then had six, most had turrets, many had elevators. Fountains inward the yards, gargoyles, putti. Guardtowers, spiked fences, CCTV cameras surrounded. One had a helipad on its roof. Another had a rooftop pool. I asked to live taken to Zakharyayev’s—to inquire him if he had or then other of his calendars lying around—but U hesitated to transmit the request, every bit if he’d forgotten how to speak Gorsky, or Russian, while, at the same time, Yury Naftalovich frowned, every bit if he were gradually remembering that he understood English linguistic communication later all. I persisted, together with asked where God Nisanov’s theater was, where Zarah Iliev’s theater was, together with snap, exactly similar that, my audience amongst the officious offseason caretaker of the summertime homes—at to the lowest degree of the summertime opor-garai destination—of or then of Russia’s most wealthy together with most powerful men, was over. Yury Naftalovich, that dignified creep amongst a hedgehog for a moustache, bum-rushed us into the car, together with stalked dorsum to the yeshiva—gone.

Read the total essay here.

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